Income Tax Act
Explore the Income Tax Act, including important provisions, sections, amendments and related tax-law resources. EduTaxTuber explains key provisions in simple language and provides links to relevant rules, notifications, circulars and other income-tax resources. Because the Income-tax Act, 1961 has been repealed from 1 April 2026, readers should check which law applies to the relevant tax year or assessment period.
Important Sections
Income Tax Act, 2025
EDUTAXTUBER · LAW LIBRARY
Income-tax Act, 2025
Full legal text · Act 30 of 2025 · As amended by Finance Act, 2026
Official PDF pages 631–635
SOURCE PDF PAGE 631 Note 1. —For the purposes of Sl. Nos. 1 and 2, the expression “investment fund” shall have the meaning assigned to it in section 224(10)( a ). Note 2. —For the purposes of Sl. No. 3, the expression “special purpose vehicle” means an Indian company in which the business trust holds controlling interest and any specific per - centage of shareholding or interest, as may be required by the law under which such trust is granted registration. Note 3. —For the purposes of Sl. Nos. 4 and 5, the expression “real estate asset” shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in regulation 2( 1 )( zj ) of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Real Estate Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014 made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992). Note 4. —For the purposes of Sl. No. 6,–– ( a ) “venture capital company” means a company which— ( i ) has been granted a certificate of registration, before the 21st May, 2012, as a Venture Capital Fund and is regulated under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Venture Capital Funds) Regulations, 1996 (herein referred to as the Venture Capital Funds Regulations) made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992); or ( ii ) has been granted a certificate of registration as Venture Capital Fund as a sub-category of Category I Alternative Investment Fund and is regulated under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (herein referred to as the Alternative Investment Funds Regulations) made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992), and which fulfils the following conditions:— ( A ) it is not listed on a recognised stock exchange; ( B ) it has invested not less than two-thirds of its investible funds in un - listed equity shares or equity linked instruments of venture capital undertaking; and ( C ) it has not invested in any venture capital undertaking in which its director or a substantial shareholder (being a beneficial owner of equity shares exceeding 10% of its equity share capital) holds, either individually or collectively, equity shares in excess of 15% of the paid-up equity share capital of such venture capital undertaking; ( b ) “venture capital fund” means a fund— ( i ) operating under a trust deed registered under the provisions of the Regis - tration Act, 1908 (16 of 1908), which— ( A ) has been granted a certificate of registration, before the 21st May, 2012, as a Venture Capital Fund and is regulated under the Venture Capital Funds Regulations; or ( B ) has been granted a certificate of registration as Venture Capital Fund as a sub-category of Category I Alternative Investment Fund under the Alternative Investment Funds Regulations or as referred to in regulation 18( 2 ) of the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Fund Management) Regulations, 2022 made under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019 (50 of 2019), and which fulfils the following conditions:— ────────── SOURCE PDF PAGE 632 ( I ) it has invested not less than two-thirds of its investible funds in unlisted equity shares or equity linked instruments of venture capital undertaking; ( II ) it has not invested in any venture capital undertaking in which its trustee or the settler holds, either individually or collectively, equity shares in excess of 15% of the paid-up equity share capital of such venture capital undertaking; ( III ) the units, if any, issued by it are not listed in any recognised stock exchange; and ( IV ) any other condition as may be prescribed; or ( ii ) operating as a venture capital scheme made by the Unit Trust of India; ( c ) “venture capital undertaking” means— ( i ) a venture capital undertaking as defined in regulation 2( n ) of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Venture Capital Funds) Regulations, 1996; or ( ii ) a venture capital undertaking as defined in regulation 2( 1 )( aa ) of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012. Note 5. —For the purposes of Sl. No. 7,–– ( a ) “specified person” means— ( i ) a wholly owned subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, which— ( A ) is a resident of the United Arab Emirates; and ( B ) makes investment, directly or indirectly, out of the fund owned by the Government of Abu Dhabi; ( ii ) a sovereign wealth fund, which satisfies the following conditions:— ( A ) it is wholly owned and controlled, directly or indirectly, by the gov - ernment of a foreign country; ( B ) it is set up and regulated under the law of such foreign country; ( C ) the earnings of the said fund are credited either to the account of the government of that foreign country or to any other account designated by that government so that no portion of the earnings enures any benefit to any private person; ( D ) the asset of the said fund vests in the government of such foreign country upon dissolution; ( E ) the provisions of items ( C ) and ( D ) shall not apply to any payment made to creditors or depositors for loan taken or borrowing for the purposes other than for making investment in India; ( F ) it does not participate in the day-to-day operations of investee but the monitoring mechanism to protect the investment with the investee including the right to appoint directors or executive director shall not be considered as participation in the day to day operations of the investee; and ────────── SOURCE PDF PAGE 633 ( G ) it is specified by the Central Government, by notification for this purpose and fulfils the conditions specified in such notification; ( iii ) a pension fund, which— ( A ) is created or established under the law of a foreign country including the laws made by any of its political constituents, being a province, State or local body, by whatever name called; ( B ) is not liable to tax in such foreign country or if liable to tax, exemption from taxation for all its income has been provided by such foreign country; ( C ) does not participate in the day-to-day operations of investee but the monitoring mechanism to protect the investment with the investee including the right to appoint directors or executive director shall not be considered as participation in day-to-day operations of the investee; ( D ) is specified by the Central Government, by notification for this pur - pose and fulfils conditions specified in such notification; and ( E ) satisfies such other conditions as may be prescribed; ( iv ) the Public Investment Fund of the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; ( v ) a wholly owned subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund of the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which–– ( A ) is a resident of Saudi Arabia; and ( B ) makes investment, directly or indirectly, out of the fund owned by such Government; ( b ) “investee” means a business trust or eligible infrastructure entity or eligible Al - ternate Investment Fund or eligible domestic company or eligible Non-Banking Financial Company, in which the sovereign wealth fund or the pension fund has made the investment directly or indirectly; ( c ) “loan and borrowing” means— ( i ) any loan taken or borrowing by a sovereign wealth fund from or any deposit or investment made in a sovereign wealth fund by, any person other than the Government of the country in which the sovereign wealth fund is set up; ( ii ) any loan taken or borrowing by a pension fund from or any deposit or investment made in a pension fund by any person, but shall not include–– ( A ) the deposit or investment which represents statutory obligations and defined contributions of one or more funds or plans established for providing retirement, social security, employment, disability or death benefits; or ( B ) any similar compensation to the participants or beneficiaries of such funds or plans, as the case may be; ( d ) “eligible infrastructure entity” means a company or enterprise or an entity carrying on–– ────────── SOURCE PDF PAGE 634 ( i ) the business of developing, or operating and maintaining, or developing, operating and maintaining an infrastructure facility as defined in section 138; or ( ii ) such other business as the Central Government may, by notification, specify in this behalf; ( e ) “eligible Alternate Investment Fund” means Category-I or Category-II Alternative Investment Fund–– ( i ) regulated under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992); ( ii ) having not less than 50% investment in one or more of the eligible infra - structure entity or eligible domestic company or eligible Non-Banking Financial Company or in an eligible InvIT, computed in such manner as may be prescribed; ( f ) “eligible domestic company” means a domestic company–– ( i ) set up and registered on or after the 1st April, 2021; and ( ii ) having minimum 75% investments in one or more of the eligible infrastruc - ture entities, computed in such manner, as may be prescribed; ( g ) “eligible Non-Banking Financial Company” means–– ( i ) a non-banking financial company registered as an Infrastructure Finance Company as referred to in notification number RBI/2009-10/316 issued by the Reserve Bank of India or in an Infrastructure Debt Fund, a non-banking finance company as referred to in the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Company-Scale Based Regulations) Directions, 2023, issued by the Reserve Bank of India; and ( ii ) having minimum 90% lending to one or more of eligible infrastructure entities, computed in such manner, as may be prescribed; and ( h ) “eligible InvIT” means an Infrastructure Investment Trust referred to in section 2( 21 )( a ). SCHEDULE VI [ See section 11] INCOME NOT TO BE INCLUDED IN TOTAL INCOME OF CERTAIN ELIGIBLE PERSONS IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES CENTRE OR HAVING INCOME THEREFROM In computing the total income of a tax year of any eligible person, as mentioned in column C of the Table below, the income mentioned in column B of the said Table and the income as mentioned in savings clause shall not be included, subject to the conditions mentioned in column D of the said Table, and the expressions used in columns B to D of the said Table, shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in the Notes below the said Table. ────────── SOURCE PDF PAGE 635 TABLE Sl. No. Income not to be included in total income Eligible persons Conditions A B C D 1. Any income accrued or arisen to, or re - ceived, as a result of transfer of capital asset referred to in section 70(1)( r ) where such transfer takes place on a recognised stock exchange locat - ed in any Internation - al Financial Services Centre. Any specified fund. ( a ) Consideration is paid or pay - able in convertible foreign exchange; ( b ) Income shall not be included in the total income to the extent such income is attributable to–– ( i ) units held by non-resi - dent (not being the per - manent establishment of a non-resident in India); or ( ii ) the investment division of offshore banking unit; and ( c ) The income exempt shall be computed in such manner as may be prescribed. 2. Any income accrued or arisen to, or re - ceived, as a result of transfer of securities (other than shares in a company resident in India). Any specified fund. As specified in clauses ( b ) and ( c ) of column D against Sl. No. 1. 3. Any income from se - curities issued by a non-resident where such securities are not issued by a permanent establishment of a non- resident in India. Any specified fund. ( a ) Such income otherwise does not accrue or arise in India; ( b ) As specified in clauses ( b ) and ( c ) of column D against Sl. No. 1. 4. Any income from a securitisation trust, which is chargeable under the head “Prof - its and gains of busi - ness or profession”. Any specified fund. As specified in clauses ( b ) and ( c ) of column D against Sl. No. 1. 5. Any income accrued or arisen to, or re - ceived as a result of— Non-resident. ( a ) Such contract, instrument or derivative is entered into with an offshore banking unit
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